1) Christ (Greek) and Messiah (Hebrew) both mean "The Anointed One"
Mat. 1:161) "Jesus" is the Greek form of the Jewish name "Y'shua," which means "Yahweh saves."
Mat. 3:111) UBS4 adds "and fire"
Mat. 5:261) Literally, kodrantes. A kodrantes is a small coin worth about 2 lepta -- not enough to buy very much of anything with.
Mat. 6:131) UBS4 omits this.
Mat. 10:81) UBS4 adds raise the dead,
Mat. 10:291) An assarion is a small coin worth one tenth of a drachma.
Mat. 13:251) darnel is a weed grass (probably bearded darnel or Lolium temulentum) that looks very much like wheat until it is mature, when the difference becomes very apparent.
Mat. 13:331) literallly, satas. 3 satas = about 0.5 bushel or 22 liters
Mat. 14:271) see Exodus 3:14.
Mat. 17:241) A didrachma is a Greek silver coin worth 2 drachmas, about as much as 2 Roman denarii, or about 2 days wages. It was commonly used to pay the half-shekel temple tax.
Mat. 17:271) A stater is a silver coin equivalent to four Attic or two Alexandrian drachmas, or a Jewish shekel: just exactly enough to cover the half-shekel Temple Tax for two people.
Mat. 20:21) A denarius is a silver Roman coin worth 1/25th of a Roman aureus. This was a common wage for a day of labor in a vineyard.
Mat. 23:231) cumin is an aromatic seed from Cuminum cyminum, resembling caraway in flavor and appearance. It is used as a spice.
Mat. 24:341) The word for "race" (genea) can also be translated as "generation."